Our weather pattern and the stresses of the summer can take a toll on the performance and health of putting greens. Periodically, we will aerify the greens with 1/4" solid tines that penetrate the greens surface opening up an avenue for air and water. This is a non-invasive process and many players do not even notice the holes.
I was given the analogy once by a good friend. Imagine putting a bag on your head and trying to breath. Poke a hole in it and you can breath a little easier. Greens are similar. They can suffocate and by adding some holes, no matter the size or method, they can begin to breath a bit easier.